Endocrinology and Endocrine System

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among women caused by an imbalance in hormone levels. PCOS is a heterogeneous disorder and may be due to some genetic and environmental reasons. Signs and symptoms include irregular or no menstrual periods, heavy periods, excess body and facial hair, acne, pelvic pain, difficulty getting pregnant, and patches of thick, darker, velvety skin, associated with type 2 diabetes, obesity, obstructive sleep apnea, heart disease, mood disorders, and endometrial cancer. Diagnosis is based on ovulation, high androgen levels, and ovarian cysts. PCOS has no cure but, treatment involve in lifestyle such as weight loss and exercise can be managed. Medications for PCOS is oral contraceptives and metformin.

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