Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. Symptoms include breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production and wheezing. It's typically caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter, most often from cigarette smoke. People with COPD are at increased risk of developing heart disease, lung cancer and a variety of other conditions.
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common conditions that contribute to COPD. These two conditions usually occur together and can vary in severity among individuals with COPD.
Chronic bronchitis is inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes, which carry air to and from the air sacs (alveoli) of the lungs. It's characterized by daily cough and mucus (sputum) production.
Emphysema is a condition in which the alveoli at the end of the smallest air passages (bronchioles) of the lungs are destroyed as a result of damaging exposure to cigarette smoke and other irritating gases and particulate matter.
Although COPD is a progressive disease that gets worse over time, COPD is treatable. With proper management, most people with COPD can achieve good symptom control and quality of life, as well as reduced risk of other associated conditions.
Last Updated on: Nov 23, 2024List of Open Access Journals View More
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IJBTE is a scholarly open access peer-reviewed journal aim to publish be valuable source of information both experimental and theoretical in field of Tissue science, Health science, Regenerative medicine, Engineering and use of devices and biomaterial for disease diagnosis in biological system....View More
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Reviews in Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical sciences is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal that aims to publish high quality research on Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Assurance, Pharmaceutics, Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy...View More
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Journal of Molecular Genetics and Gene Research is a peer reviewed scientific journal known for rapid dissemination of high-quality research. It serves the International Scientific Community with its standard research publications. This journal is using Online Manuscript Management system...View More